What is a blockchain?
- A
A decentralized, distributed digital ledger
- B
A type of cryptocurrency
- C
A centralized database
- D
A programming language
Master Blockchain concepts with 120+ curated MCQs covering Bitcoin, Ethereum, smart contracts, consensus mechanisms, DeFi, NFTs, and more. Perfect for exams, interviews, and placement preparation.
What is a blockchain?
A decentralized, distributed digital ledger
A type of cryptocurrency
A centralized database
A programming language
What is the primary purpose of blockchain technology?
To enable secure, transparent, and tamper-proof transactions
To replace all traditional banks
To create a global currency
To mine cryptocurrency
What is a block in a blockchain?
A collection of transactions bundled together
A single transaction
The entire chain of records
A cryptographic key
What links blocks together in a blockchain?
The previous block's hash
The block's timestamp
The block's transactions
The block's size
What is a hash function in blockchain?
A mathematical function that converts input into a fixed-length string
A type of cryptocurrency
A consensus algorithm
A digital signature
What is the difference between public and private blockchain?
Public is open to anyone, private is restricted to authorized participants
Public is faster than private
Private is more secure than public
Public uses proof-of-work, private uses proof-of-stake
Who is the founder of Bitcoin?
Satoshi Nakamoto
Vitalik Buterin
Charles Hoskinson
Gavin Wood
On which blockchain is Bitcoin based?
Public blockchain
Private blockchain
Permissioned blockchain
Hybrid blockchain
What is the consensus mechanism used by Bitcoin?
Proof of Work (PoW)
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)
Proof of Authority (PoA)
What is the maximum supply of Bitcoin?
21 million
100 million
1 billion
Unlimited
What is a Bitcoin halving?
The reward for mining Bitcoin is reduced by half
The block time is halved
The price is halved
The number of transactions is halved
What is the smallest unit of Bitcoin?
Satoshi
Wei
Gwei
Ether
Who is the founder of Ethereum?
Vitalik Buterin
Satoshi Nakamoto
Charles Hoskinson
Gavin Wood
What is the native cryptocurrency of Ethereum?
Ether (ETH)
Bitcoin (BTC)
Litecoin (LTC)
Cardano (ADA)
What is a smart contract?
A self-executing contract with the terms directly written into code
A legal document on the blockchain
A type of token
A consensus algorithm
What is the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)?
A runtime environment for executing smart contracts
A type of cryptocurrency
A consensus mechanism
A mining pool
What is the token standard for fungible tokens on Ethereum?
ERC-20
ERC-721
ERC-1155
ERC-777
What is the token standard for non-fungible tokens (NFTs) on Ethereum?
ERC-721
ERC-20
ERC-1155
ERC-777
What is Proof of Work (PoW)?
A consensus mechanism requiring miners to solve complex puzzles
A mechanism where validators stake coins to validate blocks
A mechanism where users vote on block validity
A mechanism that uses authorities to validate
What is Proof of Stake (PoS)?
A consensus mechanism where validators stake their coins to propose and validate blocks
A mechanism that uses mining
A mechanism that uses authorities
A mechanism that uses voting
Which blockchain uses Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)?
EOS
Bitcoin
Ethereum
Monero
What is a 51% attack?
An attack where a single entity controls more than 50% of the network's mining power
An attack where 51% of the nodes are offline
An attack where 51% of transactions are reverted
An attack where 51% of users lose their wallets
What is the purpose of a consensus mechanism in blockchain?
To achieve agreement on the state of the ledger among distributed nodes
To mine new coins
To create smart contracts
To encrypt transactions
Which consensus mechanism does Ethereum 2.0 use?
Proof of Stake (PoS)
Proof of Work (PoW)
Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)
Proof of Authority (PoA)
What is a smart contract?
A self-executing contract with the terms of the agreement directly written into code
A paper contract that is digitized
A legal document that is not enforceable
A type of digital signature
Which programming language is commonly used for writing smart contracts on Ethereum?
Solidity
JavaScript
Python
C++
What is a decentralized application (dApp) built on smart contracts?
An application that runs on a blockchain
An application that runs on a single server
An application that uses centralized databases
An application that cannot be used without authorization
What is the gas fee in Ethereum?
A fee paid to execute transactions and smart contracts
A tax on cryptocurrency gains
A fee to create a new account
A fee to transfer tokens
What is the main advantage of using smart contracts?
They are automatically executed without intermediaries
They are cheaper than traditional contracts
They are more secure
They are faster to write
Can smart contracts be updated after deployment?
No, they are immutable once deployed
Yes, they can be updated by the owner
Yes, but only through a governance vote
Yes, they can be deleted and redeployed
What is cryptocurrency?
Digital or virtual currency that uses cryptography for security
Physical money that is stored in banks
A type of stock
A government-issued currency
Which of the following is a type of cryptocurrency?
Bitcoin
Ethereum
Litecoin
All of the above
What is a token in cryptocurrency?
A digital asset created on top of an existing blockchain
The same as a coin
A physical token used for payment
A type of mining reward
What are the different types of tokens in cryptocurrency?
Currency, privacy, and platform tokens
Only currency tokens
Only privacy tokens
Only platform tokens
What is a stablecoin?
A cryptocurrency pegged to a stable asset like USD
A cryptocurrency that does not change in value
A type of mining hardware
A coin that is not traded
What is the market capitalization of a cryptocurrency?
The total value of all coins in circulation multiplied by the price
The total number of coins ever created
The price of a single coin
The trading volume
What is a cryptocurrency wallet?
A software or hardware that stores private and public keys
A physical wallet for holding cash
A bank account for cryptocurrency
A type of exchange
Where is cryptocurrency stored?
In a wallet
In a bank account
On a credit card
On a USB drive
What is the difference between a hot wallet and a cold wallet?
Hot wallet is connected to the internet, cold wallet is offline
Hot wallet is for large amounts, cold wallet for small
Hot wallet is free, cold wallet is paid
Hot wallet is used for trading, cold wallet for saving
What is a private key in a wallet?
A secret code that allows you to access and manage your cryptocurrency
A public address to receive funds
A password for the exchange
A key for mining
What is a seed phrase in a wallet?
A list of words that can recover a wallet
A phrase used to encrypt transactions
A phrase for mining
A phrase for trading
What is a multi-signature wallet?
A wallet that requires multiple private keys to authorize a transaction
A wallet with multiple currencies
A wallet that can be accessed from multiple devices
A wallet with multiple users
What is mining in blockchain?
The process of validating transactions and adding them to the blockchain
Extracting physical minerals
Creating new cryptocurrencies
Storing data on the blockchain
What is a miner in terms of blockchain?
Computers that validate and process blockchain transactions
A person who mines gold
Transaction picking algorithm
Calculation of hash
What is a mining pool?
A group of miners who combine their computational power to increase chances of finding a block
A single miner
A pool of cryptocurrencies
A type of wallet
What is the block reward in Bitcoin?
The number of bitcoins given to a miner for successfully mining a block
The fee paid by users for transactions
The total supply of bitcoins
The hash rate
What is hashing in mining?
The process of converting input data into a fixed-size string of characters
The process of guessing the private key
The process of creating a new block
The process of signing transactions
What is the difficulty in mining?
A measure of how hard it is to find a new block
The number of miners on the network
The price of the cryptocurrency
The number of transactions
What is a fork in blockchain?
A split in the blockchain due to protocol changes
A type of transaction
A new cryptocurrency
A mining pool
What is a hard fork?
A fork that is not backward-compatible
A fork that is backward-compatible
A fork that creates a new coin
A fork that does not split the chain
What is a soft fork?
A fork that is backward-compatible
A fork that creates a new blockchain
A fork that requires new mining hardware
A fork that is not backward-compatible
What is the term for when a blockchain splits?
Fork
Split
Divide
None of the above
Which fork resulted in the creation of Bitcoin Cash?
Hard fork from Bitcoin
Soft fork from Bitcoin
Hard fork from Ethereum
Soft fork from Ethereum
What is a governance fork?
A fork that occurs due to disagreements in community governance
A fork that changes the mining algorithm
A fork that splits the blockchain in two
A fork that is not consensus-based
What is the impact of information leaks on an organization?
Loss of reputation
Loss of revenue
Loss of customer trust
All of the above
What is a 51% attack?
A situation where a miner or group controls more than half of the network's mining power
A type of hacking attack
A phishing attack
A virus on the blockchain
What is the role of cryptography in blockchain security?
To secure transactions and control the creation of new coins
To provide user anonymity
To encrypt the entire blockchain
To secure the network from DDoS attacks
What is a private key?
A secret key used to sign transactions and prove ownership
A public key used to receive funds
A password for the wallet
A key for mining
What is a public key?
A key used to receive cryptocurrency
A key used to sign transactions
A key used to encrypt data
A key used to mine
What is a double-spending attack?
An attack where the same cryptocurrency is spent more than once
An attack where the network is doubled
An attack where miners double their rewards
An attack where users double their coins
What does decentralization mean in blockchain?
No single entity controls the network
The network is controlled by a central authority
The network is controlled by a few large entities
The network is controlled by the government
What is a decentralized application (dApp)?
An application that runs on a decentralized network
An application that runs on a centralized server
An application that is controlled by a single authority
An application that does not require a user interface
What is a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO)?
An organization governed by smart contracts without a central authority
A traditional organization with a CEO
A government agency
A type of cryptocurrency
What is a node in a blockchain network?
A computer that maintains a copy of the blockchain and participates in the network
A transaction
A block
A wallet
What is the benefit of decentralization?
Increased security and resistance to censorship
Faster transactions
Lower energy consumption
Higher profitability
What is the role of miners in a decentralized network?
They validate and secure transactions
They create new coins
They govern the network
They design smart contracts
What is a typical use case of blockchain beyond cryptocurrency?
Supply chain management
Voting systems
Healthcare records
All of the above
How can blockchain be used in supply chain?
To track the provenance and movement of goods
To pay for goods
To create invoices
To store product images
What is a smart contract used for in real estate?
To automate property transfers and escrow
To pay property taxes
To store property deeds
To manage maintenance requests
How can blockchain improve voting systems?
By providing a transparent and tamper-proof record of votes
By allowing remote voting without security
By eliminating the need for voters
By counting votes faster
What is a digital identity on blockchain?
A decentralized identity that users control
A government-issued ID
A social media profile
A username on an exchange
What is the role of blockchain in healthcare?
To securely store patient records and share them with authorized parties
To replace doctors
To mine patient data
To issue medical bills
What is the scalability problem in blockchain?
The inability to process a large number of transactions quickly
The inability to store large amounts of data
The inability to add new nodes
The inability to create new blocks
What is a Layer 2 solution in blockchain?
A protocol built on top of the main blockchain to improve scalability
A new blockchain
A sidechain
A hard fork
What is the Lightning Network?
A Layer 2 scaling solution for Bitcoin
A new cryptocurrency
A mining pool
A wallet
What is sharding in blockchain?
A technique to split the blockchain into smaller parts to increase throughput
A way to mine multiple blocks at once
A consensus mechanism
A type of fork
What is the transaction throughput of Bitcoin?
Approximately 7 transactions per second
Approximately 100 transactions per second
Approximately 1,000 transactions per second
Approximately 10,000 transactions per second
What is the block size limit in Bitcoin?
1 MB
2 MB
4 MB
8 MB
What is interoperability in blockchain?
The ability of different blockchain networks to communicate and share data
The ability of a blockchain to process more transactions
The ability of a blockchain to store more data
The ability of a blockchain to be upgraded
What is a blockchain bridge?
A connection that allows assets and data to move between blockchains
A physical bridge
A type of wallet
A consensus mechanism
What is a sidechain?
A separate blockchain that is connected to a main blockchain
A type of transaction
A mining algorithm
A smart contract
What is the purpose of cross-chain communication?
To enable interoperability and transfer of value between blockchains
To increase block size
To improve mining efficiency
To centralize the network
What is Polkadot known for?
Interoperability between multiple blockchains
High scalability
Privacy
Smart contracts
What is a wrapped token?
A token that represents another asset on a different blockchain
A token that is wrapped in a smart contract
A token that is hidden
A token that is encrypted
What is a privacy coin?
A cryptocurrency that focuses on hiding transaction details
A coin that is not regulated
A coin with high liquidity
A coin that is used for privacy policies
Which of the following is a privacy coin?
Monero
Zcash
Dash
All of the above
What is a zk-SNARK?
A cryptographic proof that allows transactions to be verified without revealing the details
A type of mining algorithm
A consensus mechanism
A wallet type
What is the purpose of ring signatures?
To hide the sender of a transaction among a group
To encrypt the transaction data
To sign the transaction with multiple keys
To increase transaction speed
What is a stealth address?
A one-time address used to receive funds to protect privacy
A permanent address
A public address
A mining address
What is the trade-off of privacy coins?
They may be used for illicit activities
They have lower scalability
They are less secure
They are more centralized
What is on-chain governance?
A governance mechanism where decisions are made through blockchain-based voting
A governance mechanism off the blockchain
A type of consensus
A type of fork
What is off-chain governance?
Governance decisions made outside the blockchain
Governance decisions made through smart contracts
Governance decisions made by miners
Governance decisions made by the community
What is a DAO?
A Decentralized Autonomous Organization
A Distributed Application Organization
A Digital Asset Operation
A Direct Access Order
What is a governance token?
A token that allows holders to vote on protocol decisions
A token that is used for mining
A token that is used for staking
A token that is used for transactions
What is the role of a governance proposal?
To suggest changes to the protocol
To mine new blocks
To create new tokens
To validate transactions
What is a constitutional blockchain?
A blockchain with a formal constitution that governs its operation
A blockchain used by governments
A blockchain that cannot be forked
A blockchain that is regulated
What does NFT stand for?
Non-Fungible Token
Non-Fungible Transaction
Network Fungible Token
New Finance Token
What does 'non-fungible' mean?
Unique and not interchangeable
Interchangeable
Fungible
Divisible
What is the most common token standard for NFTs on Ethereum?
ERC-721
ERC-20
ERC-1155
ERC-777
What is an NFT primarily used for?
Representing ownership of digital assets like art, music, collectibles
Sending payments
Mining
Staking
Where are NFTs stored?
On the blockchain
On a centralized server
On a wallet
On a hard drive
What is the difference between an NFT and a cryptocurrency?
NFTs are unique, cryptocurrencies are fungible
Cryptocurrencies are unique, NFTs are fungible
Both are the same
NFTs cannot be traded
What does DeFi stand for?
Decentralized Finance
Distributed Finance
Digital Finance
Direct Finance
What is the purpose of DeFi?
To create an open, permissionless financial system
To replace traditional banks
To centralize finance
To increase government control
What is a DEX in DeFi?
Decentralized Exchange
Digital Exchange
Direct Exchange
Distributed Exchange
What is yield farming?
The process of staking or lending crypto to earn rewards
Mining for new coins
Buying and selling tokens
Creating NFTs
What is liquidity provision in DeFi?
Supplying assets to a decentralized exchange to enable trading
Mining blocks
Creating new tokens
Governance voting
What is an automated market maker (AMM)?
A smart contract that automatically creates liquidity pools and determines prices
A person who makes markets
A centralized exchange
A mining pool
What is a security token?
A token that represents ownership in a real-world asset, subject to regulations
A token used for security purposes
A token that is not tradable
A token for mining
What is an STO?
Security Token Offering
Simple Token Offering
Standard Token Offering
Smart Token Offering
How are security tokens different from utility tokens?
Security tokens represent investment contracts; utility tokens provide access to a service
Security tokens are used for governance; utility tokens for transactions
They are the same
Security tokens are for games; utility tokens for finance
What is the regulatory status of security tokens?
They are often subject to securities laws
They are unregulated
They are banned
They are only allowed in some countries
What is the purpose of a security token?
To represent ownership in a company or asset
To pay for services
To mine blocks
To govern a protocol
What is a blockchain-based security?
A security token issued on a blockchain
A traditional security
A mining contract
A smart contract security
What is a blockchain oracle?
A service that provides external data to smart contracts
A type of node
A mining algorithm
A wallet
Why are oracles needed in blockchain?
Blockchains cannot access off-chain data directly
To increase transaction speed
To reduce fees
To mine more efficiently
What is a decentralized oracle network?
A network of multiple oracles to ensure data reliability
A single oracle
A centralized oracle
A type of smart contract
Which project is known for providing decentralized oracles?
Chainlink
Polkadot
Solana
Cardano
What type of data can an oracle provide?
Price feeds, weather data, sports scores, etc.
Only financial data
Only random numbers
Only blockchain data
What is the oracle problem?
The challenge of ensuring data from off-chain sources is reliable and secure
The problem of slow oracles
The problem of expensive oracles
The problem of centralized oracles